高中英语词性转换归纳?1. 在名词后面加-y可以变成形容词(尤其是一些与天气有关的名词)。例如:rain—rainy, cloud—cloudy, wind—windy, snow—snowy, health—healthy, luck—lucky等。注意:1)如果名词以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母,这时应双写词尾的辅音字母再加-y。如:sun—sunny, fun—funny等。那么,高中英语词性转换归纳?一起来了解一下吧。
组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。英语句子成分有主语,谓语,表语,宾语,宾语补足语,定语,状语等。
顺序是主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,而表语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况而定。
1、主语
主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般由名词,代词,数词,不定式等充当。
2、谓语
谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。
一般可分为两类:
1),简单谓语
由动词(或短语动词)构成。
可以有不同的时态,语态和语气。
2),复合谓语:情态动词+不定式
3、表语
表语是谓语的一部分,它位于系动词如be之后,说明主语身份,特征,属性或状态。一般由名词,代词,形容词,副词,不定式,介词短语等充当。
4、宾语
宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后,能作宾语的有名词,代词,数词,动词不定式等。
有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。
有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语,意思才完整,宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。
5、定语
在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。
用作定语的主要是形容词,代词,数词,名词,副词,动词不定式,介词短语等。形容词,代词,数词,名词等作定语时,通常放在被修饰的词前面。
变成动词
1. adj./n. +ize ------ v. …化
computerize, modernize, realize, socialize, centralize, specialize, normalize, popularize, memorize, apologize, criticize, hospitalize,
2. n./adj.+ en ------ v. 使...
soften, shorten, widen, threaten, sharpen.
3. en + n. ------v. 使成为...
endanger, enjoy, enlarge, enrich, enable,
4. n. /adj. +fy-------vt. 使…
beautify, specify, simplify,
变成名词
--ment: movement, development, payment, retirement, excite, attach
---ness: 抽象名词,状态,性质,程度:soft, hot, cold, ill, fit, weak, loneliness, bitter, stubbornness, helplessness, emptiness,
---ship: 身份,地位 membership, professorship, scholarship, friendship
v. n.(adj.) + y---n. 抽象名词:beauty, jealousy, mastery, enquiry, honesty, accuracy, difficulty, recovery, modesty, recovery
adj.+ ity----n. regular, solid, equal, stupid, responsible, electricity, cruelty, hospitality
v. + ation (tion) ---n. prepare, admiration, association, organization, repeat, compete, perfection
adj. +th. ---n. long, wide, strength, grow,
--ce (cy)----n. patience, convenience, difference, confidence, independence, efficiency, infancy, democracy, bureaucracy, innocence, existence, secret(secrecy), private, bankrupt, intimate.
--ful. mouthful, handful, houseful
其它:relieve---- relief, appear---appearance, disappear—disappearance, king---kingdom, free---freedom, see--- sight, bravery, mockery, snobbery
变成形容词
--ing, excite, please, surprise
--ed, excite, please, surprise
--ful eventful, forget, joy, hope, success, dutiful
--less, careless, mindless, helpless, limitless, selfishless, speechless, shameless----n. ness
---able, imagine, cure, comparable, valuable, sensible,
---(a)tive, creative, active, image, produce, sensitive, effective, informative, talkative, imitative, preventive
---some, tiresome, troublesome, awesome, wearisome, lonesome, fearsome, quarrelsome, burdonsome
--ary, moment---momentary, custom---customary, revolutionary
其它:office-official, face – facial, please – pleasant
否定前缀
in: 相反的性质,对立 equality, justice, curable, capable, ability, immortal, moral, perfect, regular, legal, competence, correct, formal, efficiency, proper, justice, religious, responsible, resistibly, relevant, rational,
un: fortunate, approve, honest, happy, lucky, grateful, easy
dis: agree, approve, honest, appear,
non: nonsense, non-existent, non-smoker, non-violence, non-verbal, non-standard, non-iron
anti : anti-war, anti-trust, anti-cancer, anticlockwise, antiknock, antifreeze, anti-fascist,
over—过于,overcrowded, oversleep, overwork, overjoy, overestimate, oversimplify, overburden, overreacted, oversimplify
合成词
直接合成
adj. + n. ---n. short-term, sweetheart, gentlemen, newcomer, sweetheart, briefcase
adj. + n.---adj. 一般加连字符 first-rate, first-hand, high-grade,
n. + n. –n. notebook, sunglasses, newspaper, headline, thumbnail, gravestone, fireplace
n. + adj. – adj. airtight, snow-white, self-confident, color-blind, seasick, blood-red, home-sick, coal-black, ice-cold, seasick
v. + adv. ---n. feedback, sit-in, set-up, check-out, take-off, breakthrough, comeback
有变化
n. + 及物动词+er——复合名词best-seller, lie-detector, lady-killer, type-writer, tape-recorder, pain-killer, watch-maker, record-holder, tax-payer,
n. +过分---adj. heartfelt, machine-made, self-educated, battery-powered, computer-designed, bloodshot, home-made, snow-covered, heart-broken, panic-stricken, ox-eyed, iron-willed, star-shaped, honey-mouthed, cream-colored, war-torn,
n. + v.ing --- 名词 air-conditioning, paper-correcting, horn-blowing, money-making, sight-seeing, house-keeping
adj./adv./n. + v.ing ---形容词labor-saving, breath-taking, life-giving, hardworking, high-sounding, innocent-looking, far-reaching, ever-lasting, good-looking,
adj./数+n.+ed.---adj. blue-eyed, good-mannered, bad-tempered, broad-minded, one-sided, double-faced, three-legged, medium-sized, cold-blooded, deep-rooted, double-faced,
n. +n. +ed ---adj. cone-shaped, level-headed, web-footed, ox-eyed, star-shaped, iron-willed, cream-colored, honey-mouthed
adj./adv. + 过去分词---adj. ill-natured, well-informed, so-called, well-kept, well-grounded, widespread, well-dressed, poorly-written, newborn, highly-praised
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高中英语阅读中的语法填空题目,解答技巧主要包括以下几点:
分析题目类型:
确定题目要求,是仅需填写给定单词的正确形式,还是需要在未给出单词的情况下填写单个词。
注意副词使用限制:
诸如“even”、“almost”、“often”等副词,通常不能作为答案直接填入,需根据句子语境和语法规则判断。
谨慎处理否定词:
在未明确给出否定词如“not”或“never”的情况下,不得自行添加否定,以免改变句子原意。
正确进行词性变化:
避免对给出的词进行不恰当的词性转换,如动词“attract”不应直接转换为名词“attraction”或形容词“attractive”,而应关注动词的变形形式,如“attracted”、“attracting”等。
熟悉句子成分划分:
掌握句子成分的划分,对于填写动词、名词、形容词等不同词性的词非常有帮助,能更准确地理解句子结构和语法要求。
通过掌握以上技巧,并结合具体实例进行分析和应用,可以更有效地解答高中英语阅读中的语法填空题目。同时,建议将解题技巧和思维导图保存下来,作为复习和巩固的工具。
一、名词变为形容词的方法
1. 在名词后面加-y可以变成形容词(尤其是一些与天气有关的名词)。例如:rain—rainy, cloud—cloudy, wind—windy, snow—snowy, health—healthy, luck—lucky等。
注意:1)如果名词以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母,这时应双写词尾的辅音字母再加-y。如:sun—sunny, fun—funny等。
2)少数以不发音的e结尾的名词变为形容词时,应去掉e再加-y。例如:noise—noisy, ice—icy 等。
2. 一些抽象名词在词尾加-ful可以变为形容词。例如:care—careful, thank—thankful, help—helpful, use—useful, beauty—beautiful等。
3. 一些表示国家的名词可以在词尾加-ese, -ish或-n构成表示国籍、语言的形容词。例如:China—Chinese, Japan—Japanese, England—English, America—American, India—Indian, Australia —Australian(注意Canada—Canadian)。
如 care,既是名词,又是动词。 +ful 变成形容词 careful。再加ly carefully 变成副词;
这个是比较常见的规则
以上就是高中英语词性转换归纳的全部内容,1. 前缀:一般而言,前缀只改变词的含意,并不改变词的词性,有些前缀如 en- , under- 等却使原词改变了词性,如 force ( n 力量)— enforce ( v 加强);rich ( adj 富有)— enrich ( v 使富裕);line ( n 线)— underline ( v 在……之下画线)。 ①表示否定意义的前缀,往往使原词变成它的反义词。内容来源于互联网,信息真伪需自行辨别。如有侵权请联系删除。